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Pronoun usually has a
reference noun that has been mentioned before in the conversation or in
writing. They are used instead of repeating the reference noun.
Ex: Football lovers are so happy when they
know Beckam is about to come to their country.
Kind of pronouns
v
Personal pronouns are words that are used
to replace a person or a thing.
- As a subject: I make this so complicated.
Smoking isn’t good. It can kill.
- As a object: I met Arif yesterday. Obviously I can’t forget about him.
I made a mistake. I won’t do it
again.
v
Possessive pronouns are used to express
possession. They can stand alone. They aren’t followed by a noun.
e.g: Arif is
mine, not yours.
v
Possessive adjective are used to express
possession. They can’t stand alone. They are followed by a noun.
e.g: Arif
is my boyfriend, not your boyfriend.
v
Reflexive
pronouns are words that are used to express something that has a reciprocal relation. End in self
or selves.
- subject and object are the same.
e.g: I
saw my self walking down the road in my dream last night.
- To emphasize a noun before.
e.g: He
him self took me to the airport.
- Add ‘by’ meaning alone
e.g: They
can make it by them selves to the final.
v
Relative pronouns are usually used in
adjective clause
• Who
is used for person as subject
e.g: Arif is a radiographer, a man who
operate x-ray and CT-scan machine.
• Whom is used for person as object
e.g: Arif is a guy whom I’m in love with.
• Whose
is used for a person to show a
possession
e.g: Arif whose personality is wonderful is
my boyfriend.
• Which is used for a thing to show choice.
e.g: A shirt which I like so much was gone.
• That is used for person or thing
e.g: All the things that you said is none
sense.
• Where
is used to change adverb of place
e.g: Sardjito hospital is the place where I met Arif for the first time.
• When
is used to change adverb of time
e.g: I couldn’t believe he gave me CPR when
I got blackout.
v
Demonstrative pronouns are used to point
out something
• This
is to point out singular noun that is near to us.
e.g: This is so cool.
• These
is to point out plural noun that is near to us.
e.g: These are the ingredient to make
calamary.
• That
is to point out singular noun that far from us.
e.g: That is my Zambony.
• Those
is to point out plural noun that far from us.
e.g: Those kids are incredible.
v
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask
for question.
•
Who
is for person as a subject
e.g: who
are you?
•
What is for a thing
e.g: what
is wrong with you?
•
Which is for a thing to show choice
e.g: which
one do you want?
•
When is for time
e.g: when
did you get engage?
•
Where is for the place
e.g: where
did you spend your holiday?
•
Whom is for person as object
e.g: whom
did you go with?
•
Whose is for possession or belonging
e.g: whose
kid is this?
•
Why is to ask reason
e.g: why
did you dump him?
•
How is to ask manner, quantity, atc.
e.g: how
did he die? How much do you love her?
v
Indefinite pronouns are always considered
singular and require a verb in singular form
It is used to talk about
unspecified people or thing or in
general.
( Some, someone, something, any,
anyone, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, every, everyone, everything, etc.)
Example: nobody is perfect
v
Definite pronoun
Other and another are
definite pronoun. They refer back to
noun already mentioned. They indicate an additional one more of that noun.
e.g: One train leaves at two, the other
one leaves at three. ( There are only two trains )
One train
leaves at two, another one leaves at three. ( There are trains in
addition to these two )
v
Reciprocal
Pronoun
Each other and one another are
reciprocal pronouns. They are used when two or more people or things, named in
the subject of the sentence, give and receive the same action or feeling.
e.g: Ana and Ani like each other. (
Ana likes Ani , Ani likes Ana )
The
children really cooperate well to one another. ( each of the
children cooperates with the other children )
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